Hey Reddo, my comment was going to be along the same lines as groovy.
I think you should chuck away that old school ruler you've been using since the second grade and get one of the U beaut Kincrome digital calipers.
It¡¯ll tell you that 2 inches is larger than 50mm (50.8mm in fact)
Or try this webpage to check conversions
www.onlineconversion.com/length_common.htmIf you drop a 2 inch coupling onto a 50mm ball it's usually loose but will seem ok.
Kingy..
Groovy may be right but my thoughts about your problem is you may have a 1 7/8 inch coupling.
If you drop a worn, possibly inaccurately cast, 1 7/8" coupling onto a 50mm ball it'll often go on with a shove (but not always).
But it will sure be difficult to get off.
And if you grind away part of the circumference of a 50mm towball, especially around the waist of the ball, it'll certainly go on.
It only needs a millimetre or less off the radius.
I'm not saying it's a good thing to do, it certainly isn't.
If you have a close look at cast couplings they don't actually drop ONTO the ball.
The ball enters from the rear of the opening and moves forward and up into the recess.
There's tolerance in the recess, that's why the adjustable screw is there.
There's also anything from 0.5 to 1.0 mm tolerance on the 'waist' opening of the coupling to allow the ball to enter.
So if the 'waist' of a towball that is a little too large can get past the opening it will seem to fit in the recess.
The locking pin may not lock properly down the back of the ball but it can look ok at a glance.
Another reason that can contribute to this mismatch is that some towballs that don't comply with the 'Standards', that are sold as 50mm are in fact 49mm or less.
Measure them with your new Kincrome digital caliper and you'll see for yourself.
I'd suggest getting a decent one piece machined 1 7/8" ball with a 22mm shaft and try that.
Or better still, as Reddo suggests, bite the bullet, buy a new coupling that complies with AS 4177-3 and use it with an AS 4177-2 towball and they won't let you down.
Another good reason to buy new components is that your coupling doesn't seem to have a secondary locking mechanism, as has been required since Standards were first introduced.
The cost of new components isn't a big ask when you consider the consequences of a caravan coming adrift on the road.
You won't have the whole thing won't come apart on a steep decent out of the Blue Mountains and you won't have your precious vintage caravan swinging on inadequate chains that are relying on $2.00 shackles that aren't worth a pinch of shit.
You may even avoid killing someone, or knocking down a tree or two.
Here are some measurements that might be useful
1 7/8 inch (1.875 in) = 47.625 mm
1 15/16 inch (1.937 in) = 49.20mm
50.0 mm = 1.969 in
2.00 inch = 50.8 mm